Hybrid electric vehicle analysis: kinds, requirements, and formulation

Abstract

Alternative energy sources that are cleaner and more sustainable are required as oil prices rise and environmental concerns intensify At the moment transportation uses a lot of energy and produces pollution The evolution of hybrid vehicles using an ICE and a battery in a Power Split configuration is examined in this article Using a battery with a higher amphour capacity the effectiveness of a HEV is assessed In more complex situations the battery capacity is reduced via the adapter circuit Numerous battery charging and discharging circuits have been employed in various scenarios HEVs are recognised for their ability to match a typical cars capabilities while drastically lowering fuel consumption and pollution EVs and PHEVs are attracting more and more interest from the automobile industry Thanks to advancements in electrical equipment battery power systems energy storage devices power electronics adapters such direct current converters and DC to AC inverters and efficient energy voltage management methods It is now possible for PHEVs and EVs to become commodities in a variety of applications such as heavyduty lightduty and mediumduty vehicles The latest developments in EV and PEV including new powertrain technology and costs to the SOTA are the main topics of this article