Exploratory Study of a Spectral Range System for Free Space Optics Communication

Abstract

The optimal solution for enhancing range and data transmission capacity lies in the integration of free-space optical (FSO) communication with optical code division multiplexing. This research examines, both conceptually and empirically, the influence of atmospheric factors on the intensity of absorbed radiation. A test facility for a third-atmosphere propagation window-operating FSO system should be established within a laboratory environment (8–12 m). The experimental investigation was subsequently conducted, taking into consideration various atmospheric variables, in both controlled laboratory and real-world contexts. Two optical pathways, each extending 10 meters in length, were utilized to carry out the observations. It was determined that optical light with a wavelength of approximately 10 µm exhibits superior transmission characteristics compared to near-infrared wavelengths under conditions of reduced visibility, such as light precipitation and fog. Analytical evaluations corroborated this finding. Examples include HgCdTe photodiodes and quantum cascade lasers. Our primary focus is on outdoor terrestrial optical wireless communication (OWC) networks employing the near-infrared band, commonly referred to as FSO communication in scholarly discourse. FSO devices facilitate high-speed data transmission over extensive distances between two fixed points. Enhanced data rates are achievable due to the significantly greater optical bandwidth of FSO lines in contrast to their radio-frequency (RF) counterparts.