Crafting and Evaluating an Enhanced Battery Charging System for Electric Vehicles with Optimized Power Factor

Abstract

In todays world, the sustainable advancement of contemporary transportation is heavily leaning towards battery-powered electric vehicles (BEVs), overshadowing traditional gasoline-powered cars. Electrifying transportation emerges as the most practical strategy to foster a market for clean energy vehicles, as the electricity used to charge these batteries serves as their power source. In the future, we can expect a rise in the number of charging stations for these vehicles. The presence of electric vehicle charging stations significantly influences crucial power grid factors such as current, voltage, and power factor. Uncoordinated charging scenarios can lead to heightened power loads and greater voltage fluctuations, consequently increasing grid network losses. Therefore, it is essential to minimize these power quality disturbances to ensure energy security and enhance the efficiency of the power sector. The disturbances in these power grid parameters can be meticulously examined using a simulation model on MATLAB. To aid in battery charging, an AC-DC converter, whether on-board or off-board, is a vital component for electric vehicles (EVs). The battery charging process for EVs occurs in constant current (CC) and constant voltage (CV) modes, utilizing a flyback converter and DC-DC converter. This paper showcases the design and analysis of an enhanced battery charger for electric vehicles, aimed at improving the power factor.